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The former serpentinite quarry of Penas Albas (Moeche, Galicia, NW Spain)left behind a large amount of waste material scattered over the surroundingarea, as well as tailing areas. In this area several soils were studiedtogether with the vegetation growing spontaneously over them with the aim ofidentifying the bioavailability of heavy metals. The potential of spontaneousvegetation for phytoremediation and/or phytostabilization was evaluated. ThepH of the soils ranges from neutral to basic, with very low organic matterand nitrogen contents. There are imbalances between exchangeable cations likepotassium (K) and calcium (Ca), mainly due to high magnesium (Mg) contentthat can strongly limit plant production. Moreover, in all of the studiedsoils there are high levels of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni)(>70, >1300 and >1300 mg kg−1, respectively). They exceed theintervention limits indicated by soil guideline values. Different soilextractions were performed in order to evaluate bioavailability. CaCl20.01 M is the most effective extraction reagent, although the reagent thatbest predicts plant availability is a mixture of low molecular weight organicacids. Festuca rubra, L. is the spontaneous plant growing in thesoils that accumulates the highest amount of the metals, both in shoot androots. Festuca also has the highest translocation factor values,although they are only >1 for Cr. The bioconcentration factor is >1in all of the cases, except in the shoot of Juncus sp. for Co andNi. The results indicate that Festuca is a phytostabilizer of Co andNi and an accumulator of Cr, while Juncus sp. is suitable forphytostabilization

Cobalt, chromium and nickel contents in soils and plants from a serpentinite quarry