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The locations of major gold and copper deposits on the island of New Guineaare considered by many to be controlled by a series of transfer faults thatstrike N–S to NE–SW, perpendicular to the long axis of the island. Thepremise is that these faults dilate perpendicular to the regional stressfield, forming conduits for metalliferous gases and fluids to dropout of solution. However, the data on which this idea was first proposed wereoften not presented or, when the data were presented, were of poor qualityor low resolution. We therefore present a review of the existing structuralinterpretations and compare these with several recently publishedgeophysical data sets to determine if the mineralization controlling transferfaults could be observed. These data were used to produce a new lineamentmap of New Guinea. A comparison of the lineaments with the location of majorgold and copper deposits indicates there is a link between the arc-normalstructures and mineralization. However, it is only those deposits that areless than 4.5 million years old that could be associated with thesestructures. Gravity and seismic tomography data indicate that some of thesestructures could penetrate deep levels of the lithosphere, providing somesupport to the earlier idea that the arc-normal structures act as conduitsfor the younger mineral deposits of New Guinea. The gravity data can also beused to infer the location of igneous intrusions at depth, which could havebrought metal-bearing fluids and gases closer to the Earth's surface. Theseregions might be of interest for future exploration campaigns, particularlythose areas that are crosscut by deep, vertical faults. However, newexploration models are needed to explain the location of the deposits thatare older than 5 Ma

Lithospheric-scale structures in New Guinea and their control on the location of gold and copper deposits