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. The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) technique providesan effective way to measure fabrics and, in the process, interpret thekinematics of actively deforming orogens. We collected rock fabric data ofalluvial fan sediments surrounding the Sierra Nevada massif, Spain, and abroader range of Cenozoic sediments and rocks across the Northern Apennineforeland, Italy, to explore the deformation fabrics that contribute to theongoing discussions of orogenic kinematics. The Sierra Nevada is a regionalmassif in the hinterland of the Betic Cordillera. We recovered nearlyidentical kinematics regardless of specimen magnetic mineralogy, structuralposition, crustal depth, or time. The principal elongation axes are NE–SW inagreement with mineral lineations, regional GPS geodesy, and seismicityresults. The axes trends are consistent with the convergence history of theAfrica–Eurasia plate boundary. In Italy, we measured AMS fabrics ofspecimens collected along a NE–SW corridor spanning the transition fromcrustal shortening to extension in the Northern Apennines. Samples have AMSfabrics compatible only with shortening in the Apennine wedge and havelocked in penetrative contractional fabrics, even for those samples thatwere translated into the actively extending domain. In both regions, we foundthat specimens have a low degree of anisotropy and oblate susceptibilityellipsoids that are consistent with tectonic deformation superposed oncompaction fabrics. Collectively, these studies demonstrate the novel waysthat AMS can be combined with structural, seismic, and GPS geodetic data toresolve orogenic kinematics in space and time.

solid earth

Application of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) fabrics to determine the kinematics of active tectonics: examples from the Betic Cordillera, Spain, and the Northern Apennines, Italy