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. Reprocessing of regional-scale airborne electromagneticdata is used to build a 3D geological model of the Nasia sub-basin,northern Ghana. The resulting 3D geological model consistently integratesall the prior pieces of information brought by electromagnetic data,lithologic logs, ground-based geophysical surveys, and geologicalknowledge of the terrain. The geo-modeling process is aimed at defining thelithostratigraphy of the area, chiefly to improve the stratigraphicdefinition of the area, and for hydrogeological purposes. The airborneelectromagnetic measurements, consisting of GEOTEM B-field data, wereoriginally collected for mineral exploration purposes. Thus, those B-fielddata had to be (re)processed and properly inverted as the original surveyand data handling were designed for the detection of potential mineraltargets and not for detailed geological mapping. These new geophysicalinversion results, compared with the original conductivity–depth images,provided a significantly different picture of the subsurface. The newgeophysical model led to new interpretations of the geological settings andto the construction of a comprehensive 3D geo-model of the basin. In thisrespect, the evidence of a hitherto unexposed system of paleovalleys couldbe inferred from the airborne data. The stratigraphic position of thesepaleovalleys suggests a distinctly different glaciation history from theknown Marinoan events, commonly associated with the Kodjari formation of theVoltaian sedimentary basin. Indeed, the presence of the paleovalleys withinthe Panabako may be correlated with mountain glaciation within the Sturtianage, though no unequivocal glaciogenic strata have yet been identified.Pre-Marinoan glaciation is recorded in rocks of the Wassangara group of theTaoudeni Basin. The combination of the Marinoan and, possibly, Sturtianglaciation episodes, both of the Cryogenian period, can be an indication ofa Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth. Hence, the occurrence of those geologicalfeatures not only has important socioeconomic consequences – as thepaleovalleys can act as reservoirs for groundwater – but also from ascientific point of view, they could be extremely relevant as their presencewould require a revision of the present stratigraphy of the area.

solid earth

New regional stratigraphic insights from a 3D geological model of the Nasia sub-basin, Ghana, developed for hydrogeological purposes and based on reprocessed B-field data originally collected for mineral exploration