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. In spite of an increasing number of paleoseismic studies carried out overthe last decade along the Himalayan Arc, the chronology of historical andprehistorical earthquakes is still poorly constrained. In this paper, wepresent geomorphologic and paleoseismic studies conducted over a largeriver-cut exposure along the Main Fontal Thrust in southwestern Bhutan. ThePiping site reveals a 30 m high fault-propagation fold deforming lateHolocene alluvial deposits. There, we carried out detailed paleoseismicinvestigations and built a chronological framework on the basis of 22detrital charcoal samples submitted to radiocarbon dating. Our analysisreveals the occurrence of at least five large and great earthquakes between485±125 BCE and 1714 CE with an average recurrence interval of 550±211 years. Coseismic slip values for most events reach at least 12 mand suggest associated magnitudes are in the range of Mw 8.5–9. Thecumulative deformation yields an average slip rate of 24.9±10.4 mm yr−1 along the Main Frontal Thrust over the last 2600 years, in agreement withgeodetic and geomorphological results obtained nearby.

A 2600-year-long paleoseismic record for the Himalayan Main Frontal Thrust (western Bhutan)