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Abstract. Understanding the impact of fracture networks on rock mass propertiesis an essential part of a wide range of applications in geosciencesfrom understanding permeability of groundwater aquifers andhydrocarbon reservoirs to erodibility properties and slope stabilityof rock masses for geotechnical engineering. However, gathering high-quality, oriented-fracture datasets in the field can be difficult andtime-consuming, for example, due to constraints on field work time oraccess (e.g. cliffs). Therefore, a method for obtaining accurate,quantitative fracture data from photographs is a significantbenefit. In this paper we describe a method for generating a series ofdigital fracture traces in a geographic information system (GIS) environment, in which spatial analysisof a fracture network can be carried out. The method is not meant toreplace the gathering of data in the field but to be used inconjunction with it, and it is well suited when field work time is limited orwhen the section cannot be accessed directly. The basis of the methodis the generation of the vector dataset (shapefile) of a fracturenetwork from a georeferenced photograph of an outcrop in a GISenvironment. From that shapefile, key parameters such as fracturedensity and orientation can be calculated. Furthermore, in theGIS environment more complex spatial calculations and graphical plotscan be carried out such as heat maps of fracture density. Advantagesand limitations compared to other fracture network capture methods arediscussed.

solid earth

Data acquisition by digitizing 2-D fracture networks and topographic lineaments in geographic information systems: further development and applications