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A dramatic increase in the frequency and intensity of floods due to the Niger\udRiver in the city of Niamey (Niger) has been observed in the last decade.\udPrevious studies highlighted the role of the land use changes on the flood\udincrease since 1970s. In the last decade, observations have raised the issue\udof a possible increase in extreme rainfall in the Sahel, which may have\udcaused the recent and extreme floods in Niamey in 2010, 2012 and 2013. The\udstudy focuses on the 125 000 km<sup>2</sup> basin between Ansongo and Niamey.\udThis is the drainage area of the monsoon rainfall that leads to the rapid\udflow rise occurring between June and October. To understand the possible role\udof rainfall in flood intensification, satellite rainfall estimate is\udattractive in a region where the operational gauge network is sparse. This\udpaper analyses the evolution of the Niger hydrograph in Niamey based on\uddischarge observations, hydrological modelling and the satellite product\udPERSIANN-CDR, over the 1983–2013 period. PERSIANN-CDR is first compared with\udfour other rainfall products. The salient features of the observed changes,\udi.e. a marked change in the mean decadal hydrograph, is well mimicked by the\udsimulations, implying that rainfall is the first driver to the observed\udchanges. The increase of flooded years over the period is also well\udreproduced but with some uncertainties in the exact number of flood days per\udyear

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Analysis of hydrological changes and flood increase in Niamey based on the PERSIANN-CDR satellite rainfall estimate and hydrological simulations over the 1983–2013 period