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The relationship between the gyre-scale circula- tion of the North Atlantic, represented by air pressure near to the centre of the sub-tropical gyre, and sea level measured at the eastern boundary of the ocean has been investigated using records commencing in the middle of the 18th cen- tury. These time series are twice as long as those employed in an earlier study of this relationship. Near-continuous val- ues of annual mean sea level and mean high water from Brest, and air pressure fields for the eastern North Atlantic derived from terrestrial instrumental pressure records and ship log- book information, have been used to demonstrate that sea level on the eastern boundary does indeed appear to be re- lated to air pressure at the centre of the gyre (subject to reser- vations concerning short sub-sections of data near to the ends of the records). These findings confirm the earlier conclu- sions but over much longer timescales. This relationship can explain at least part of the century timescale accelerations in European sea level records obtained from tide gauge and saltmarsh data. This finding has important implications for interpretation of the observed sea level rise and acceleration on the European Atlantic coast, suggesting that redistribution of water could play an important role instead of (or as well as) change in ocean volume.

The gyre-scale circulation of the North Atlantic and sea level at Brest