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A global general circulation model coupled to asimple six-compartment ecosystem model is used to studythe extent to which global variability in primary and exportproduction can be realistically predicted on the basisof advanced parameterizations of upper mixed layer physics,without recourse to introducing extra complexity in modelbiology. The “K profile parameterization” (KPP) schemeemployed, combined with 6-hourly external forcing, is ableto capture short-term periodic and episodic events such asdiurnal cycling and storm-induced deepening. The model realisticallyreproduces various features of global ecosystemdynamics that have been problematic in previous global modellingstudies, using a single generic parameter set. The realisticsimulation of deep convection in the North Atlantic, andlack of it in the North Pacific and Southern Oceans, leadsto good predictions of chlorophyll and primary productionin these contrasting areas. Realistic levels of primary productionare predicted in the oligotrophic gyres due to highfrequency external forcing of the upper mixed layer (accompanyingpaper Popova et al., 2006) and novel parameterizationsof zooplankton excretion. Good agreement is shownbetween model and observations at various JGOFS time seriessites: BATS, KERFIX, Papa and HOT. One exceptionis the northern North Atlantic where lower grazing rates areneeded, perhaps related to the dominance of mesozooplanktonthere. The model is therefore not globally robust in thesense that additional parameterizations are needed to realisticallysimulate ecosystem dynamics in the North Atlantic.Nevertheless, the work emphasises the need to pay particularattention to the parameterization of mixed layer physicsin global ocean ecosystem modelling as a prerequisite to increasingthe complexity of ecosystem models.

Mechanisms controlling primary and new production in a global ecosystem model – Part I: Validation of the biological simulation