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. Global circulation of intermediate water masses has beenextensively studied; however, its regional and local circulation alongcontinental margins and variability and implications on sea floormorphologies are still not well known. In this study the intermediate watermass variability in the Gulf of Cadiz (GoC) and adjacent areas has beenanalysed and its implications discussed. Remarkable seasonal variations ofthe Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) and the Subarctic Intermediate Water(SAIW) are determined. During autumn a greater presence of the AAIW seems tobe related to a reduction in the presence of SAIW and Eastern North AtlanticCentral Water (ENACW). This interaction also affects the Mediterranean Water(MW), which is pushed by the AAIW toward the upper continental slope. In therest of the seasons, the SAIW is the predominant water mass reducing thepresence of the AAIW. This seasonal variability for the predominance ofthese intermediate water masses is explained in terms of the concatenationof several wind-driven processes acting during the different seasons. Ourfinding is important for a better understanding of regional intermediatewater mass variability with implications in the Atlantic MeridionalOverturning Circulation (AMOC), but further research is needed in order todecode their changes during the geological past and their role, especiallyrelated to the AAIW, in controlling both the morphology and thesedimentation along the continental slopes.

Seasonal variability of intermediate water masses in the Gulf of Cádiz: implications of the Antarctic and subarctic seesaw