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East of Madagascar, the shallow “South Indian Ocean Counter Current (SICC)”flows from west to east across the Indian Ocean against the direction of thewind-driven circulation. The SICC impinges on west Australia and enhances thesea level slope, strengthening the alongshore coastal jet: the LeeuwinCurrent (LC), which flows poleward along Australia. An observed transportmaximum of the LC around 22° S can likely be attributed to thisimpingement of the SICC. The LC is often described as a regional coastalcurrent that is forced by an offshore meridional density gradient or seasurface slope. However, little is known about the controls of these open-oceangradients. The regional circulation system is embedded in thesubtropical “super gyre” that connects the Indo-Pacific via the TasmanGateway and the Indonesian passages. The Indonesian Throughflow (ITF)circulates through the Indian Ocean back into the Pacific south of Australia.This return pathway appears to be partly trapped in the upper layer north ofan outcrop line. It is redirected along this outcrop line and joins theeastward flow of the SICC. To study the connection of the basin-scale and theinter-ocean-scale dynamics, we apply both an ocean general circulation modeland a conceptual two-layer model. Shutdown of the ITF in the models leads toa large decrease in Leeuwin Current transport. Most of the SICC was found tothen reconnect to the internal gyre circulation in the Indian Ocean. ITF,SICC and LC thus appear to be dynamically connected

The connection of the Indonesian Throughflow, South Indian Ocean Countercurrent and the Leeuwin Current