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<p class="p">Argo observations from 2005 to 2013 are used to characterize spatial scalesof temperature and salinity variations from the surface down to 1300 m.Simulations are first performed to analyze the sensitivity of results toArgo sampling; they show that several years of Argo observations arerequired to estimate spatial scales of ocean variability over20°  ×  20° boxes. Spatial scales are then computed overseveral large-scale areas. Zonal and meridional spatial scales (<Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript> and<Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">y</Emphasis></Subscript>which are zero crossing of covariance functions) vary as expected withlatitudes. Scales are of about 100 km at high latitudes and more of 700 kmin the Indian and Pacific equatorial–tropical regions. Zonal and meridionalscales are similar except in tropical–equatorial regions where zonalscales are much larger (by a factor of 2 to 3) than meridional scales.Spatial scales are the largest close to the surface and have a generaltendency for temperature to increase in deeper layers. There are significantdifferences between temperature and salinity scales, in particular, in thedeep ocean. Results are consistent with previous studies based on sparsein situ observations or satellite altimetry. They provide, however, for thefirst time a global description of temperature and salinity scales ofvariability and a characterization of their variations according to depths.</p

Spatial scales of temperature and salinity variability estimated from Argo observations