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A series of laboratory experiments has been carried out in a thermally drivenrotating annulus to study the onset of baroclinic instability, using horizontaland uniformly sloping bottom topographies. Different wave flow regimes havebeen identified and their phase boundaries -- expressed in terms of appropriatenon-dimensional parameters -- have been compared to the recent numericalresults of \citet{thomas_slope}. In the flat bottom case, the numericallypredicted alignment of the boundary between the axisymmetric and the regularwave flow regime was found to be consistent with the experimental results.However, once the sloping bottom end wall was introduced, the detectedbehaviour was qualitatively different from that of the simulations. Thisdisagreement is thought to be the consequence of nonlinear wave-waveinteractions that could not be resolved in the framework of the numericalstudy. This argument is supported by the observed development of interferencevacillation in the runs with sloping bottom, a mixed flow state in whichbaroclinic wave modes exhibiting different drift rates and amplitudes canco-exist.

An experimental study of regime transitions in a differentially heated baroclinic annulus with flat and sloping bottom topographies