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. Tailings flows result from the breach of tailings dams. Large-scaletailings flows can travel over substantial distances with high velocitiesand cause significant loss of life, environmental damage, and economic costs.Runout modelling and inundation mapping are critical components of riskassessment for tailings dams. In an attempt to develop consistency inreporting tailings data, we established a new tailings-flow runoutclassification system. Our data analysis applies to the zone correspondingto the extent of the main solid tailings deposit, which is characterized byvisible or field-confirmed sedimentation, above typical surface water levelsif extending into downstream water bodies. We introduced a new database of33 tailings dam breaches by independently estimating the planimetricinundation area for each event using remote sensing data. This paperexamines the applicability of a semi-physical area–volume relationship usingthe new database. Our results indicate that the equation A= cV2∕3 , whichhas been used previously to characterize the mobility of other types of massmovements, is a statistically justifiable choice for the relationshipbetween total released volume and planimetric inundation area. Our analysissuggests that, for a given volume, tailings flows are, on average, lessmobile than lahars but more mobile than non-volcanic debris flows, rockavalanches, and waste dump failures.

Tailings-flow runout analysis: examining the applicability of a semi-physical area–volume relationship using a novel database