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Critical infrastructures and other technological systems such as transportation systems, telecommunication networks, power lines, pipelines, and reservoirs are at risk of natural hazards (e.g., earthquakes, floods, landslides) in many urban and rural areas worldwide. A key to the safe and affordable operations of these types of infrastructure is an in-depth knowledge of their exposure and vulnerability to natural hazards and the impact of damage experienced either locally or across the network. A fundamental understanding of hazard and risk involves (a) systematic identification, monitoring, and mapping of potential infrastructure exposure, (b) integrated assessment of impact as a result of damage, repair, and/or mitigation, (c) indirect losses from infrastructure disruption and synergistic effects, and (d) consideration of interactions between hazards and/or cascades of hazards. The special issue (SI) “Natural hazard impacts on technological systems and infrastructures” was organized in the aftermath of two sessions of the same name at the European Geosciences Union (EGU) general assemblies of 2018 and 2019 held in Vienna, Austria. The special issue aims at raising awareness of this topical and increasing problem by summarizing and analyzing relationships between natural events and technological accidents, collecting experiences, and finding out new methods of assessing the vulnerability of technological and infrastructure objects to natural hazards. This SI includes contributions with a focus on natural hazard risk assessment for critical infrastructure and technological systems, as well as a compilation of databases that record the impacts and elements at risk. The SI is dedicated to contributions with national, regional, and local perspective, covering a wide range of different geographic regions. In Sect. 2 of this preface, there is a brief overview of each contribution to the special issue. This is followed by a summary of the research in Sect. 3.

Preface: Natural hazard impacts on technological systems and infrastructures