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. The devastating Mw 7.1 Haiti earthquake in 2010 wasaccompanied by local tsunamis that caused fatalities and damage to coastalinfrastructure. Some were triggered by slope failures of river deltas in theclose vicinity of the epicenter, while others, 30 to 50 km to the northacross the Bay of Gonâve, are well explained by the reverse component ofcoseismic ground motion that accompanied this mostly strike-slip event.However, observations of run-up heights up to 2 m along the southern coastof the island at distances up to 100 km from the epicenter, as well as tidegauge and DART buoy records at distances up to 600 km from the epicenter,have not yet received an explanation. Here we demonstrate that theseobservations require a secondary source, most likely a submarine landslide.We identify a landslide scar 30 km from the epicenter off the southern coastof Haiti at a depth of 3500 m, where ground acceleration would have beensufficient to trigger slope failure in soft sediments. This candidatesource, 2 km3 in volume, matches observations remarkably well assumingthat the sediment collapse obeys a viscous flow with an initial apparentviscosity of 2×105 Pa s. Although that particular sourcecannot be proven to have been activated in 2010, our results add to a lineof evidence that earthquake-triggered submarine landslides can causesignificant tsunamis in areas of strike-slip tectonic regime.

Deep submarine landslide contribution to the 2010 Haiti earthquake tsunami