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. Loess is a porous, weakly cemented, and unsaturated Quaternarysediment deposited by the wind in arid and semiarid regions. Loess is widelyand thickly distributed in China, making the Huangtu Plateau the largest bulkaccumulation of loess on Earth. However, the fragile geoenvironment in theloess areas of China causes frequent and various geohazards, such ascracking–sliding failure (“beng-hua” in Chinese), which is a typicalgeohazard that causes the largest number of casualties each year. This studyinvestigates the main influencing factors and development patterns ofcracking–sliding failure of loess to help prevent its occurrence and reducelosses effectively. The following conclusions are derived from this study: (1)cracking–sliding failures mostly take place in rectilinear slopes, convexslopes, slopes with gradients greater than 60 ∘ , slopes withheights of 5 to 40 m, and slopes mostly exposed to sunlight with aspects of180 to 270 ∘ ; (2) cracking–sliding failures occurmostly from 10 pm to 4 am and mainly in the rainy season (July to September)and in the freeze-thaw season (March to April); and (3) highly intense humanactivities in the region correspond to a high possibility ofcracking–sliding failures.

Factors influencing development of cracking–sliding failures of loess across the eastern Huangtu Plateau of China