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Among the natural hazards, flash flooding is the leading cause of\udweather-related deaths. Flood risk management (FRM) in this context requires\uda comprehensive assessment of the social risk component. In this regard,\udintegrated social vulnerability (ISV) can incorporate spatial distribution\udand contribution and the combined effect of exposure, sensitivity and\udresilience to total vulnerability, although these components are often\uddisregarded. ISV is defined by the demographic and socio-economic\udcharacteristics that condition a population's capacity to cope with, resist\udand recover from risk and can be expressed as the integrated social\udvulnerability index (ISVI). This study describes a methodological approach\udtowards constructing the ISVI in urban areas prone to flash flooding in\udCastilla y León (Castile and León, northern central Spain, 94 223 km<sup>2</sup>, 2 478 376 inhabitants). A hierarchical segmentation analysis (HSA) was performed prior\udto the principal components analysis (PCA), which helped to overcome the\udsample size limitation inherent in PCA. ISVI was obtained from weighting\udvulnerability factors based on the tolerance statistic. In addition, latent\udclass cluster analysis (LCCA) was carried out to identify spatial patterns of\udvulnerability within the study area. Our results show that the ISVI has high\udspatial variability. Moreover, the source of vulnerability in each urban area\udcluster can be identified from LCCA. These findings make it possible to\uddesign tailor-made strategies for FRM, thereby increasing the efficiency of\udplans and policies and helping to reduce the cost of mitigation measures

Construction of an integrated social vulnerability index in urban areas prone to flash flooding