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Identification of high potential risk and susceptible zones for natural\udhazards of geological origin is one of the most important applications of\udadvanced remote sensing technology. Yearly, several landslides occur during\udheavy monsoon rainfall in Kelantan River basin, Peninsular Malaysia.\udFlooding and subsequent landslide occurrences generated significant damage to\udlivestock, agricultural produce, homes and businesses in the Kelantan River\udbasin. In this study,  remote sensing data from the recently launched Landsat-8 and Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar-2 (PALSAR-2) on board the Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 (ALOS-2) were used to map\udgeologic structural and topographical features in the Kelantan River basin\udfor identification of high potential risk and susceptible zones for\udlandslides and flooding areas. The data were processed for a comprehensive\udanalysis of major geological structures and detailed characterizations of\udlineaments, drainage patterns and lithology at both regional and district\udscales. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach was used for landslide\udsusceptibility mapping. Several factors such as slope, aspect, soil,\udlithology, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), land cover,\uddistance to drainage, precipitation, distance to fault and distance to the\udroad were extracted from remote sensing satellite data and fieldwork to\udapply the AHP approach. Directional convolution filters were applied to ALOS-2\uddata for identifying linear features in particular directions and edge\udenhancement in the spatial domain. Results indicate that lineament\udoccurrence at regional scale was mainly linked to the N–S trending of the\udBentong–Raub Suture Zone (BRSZ) in the west and Lebir Fault Zone in the east of the Kelantan state. The combination of different polarization channels\udproduced image maps that contain important information related to water bodies,\udwetlands and lithological units. The N–S, NE–SW and NNE–SSW lineament trends and dendritic, sub-dendritic and rectangular drainage patterns were detected in the Kelantan River basin. The analysis of field investigation data indicates that many of flooded areas were associated with high potential\udrisk zones for hydrogeological hazards such as wetlands, urban areas,\udfloodplain scroll, meander bend, dendritic and sub-dendritic drainage\udpatterns, which are located in flat topographic regions. Numerous landslide\udpoints were located in a rectangular drainage system that is associated with a\udtopographic slope of metamorphic and quaternary rock units. Consequently,\udstructural and topographical geology maps were produced for Kelantan River\udbasin using PALSAR-2 data, which could be broadly applicable for landslide\udhazard mapping and identification of high potential risk zone for\udhydrogeological hazards. Geohazard mitigation programs could be conducted\udin the landslide recurrence regions and flooded areas to reduce natural\udcatastrophes leading to loss of life and financial investments  in the\udKelantan River basin. In this investigation, Landsat-8 and ALOS-2 have\udproven to successfully provide advanced Earth observation satellite data for\uddisaster monitoring in tropical environments

Application of Landsat-8 and ALOS-2 data for structural and landslide hazard mapping in Kelantan, Malaysia