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The eruption in June 2011 of the Puyehue-Cordón Caulle Volcanic Complexin Chile impacted air traffic around the Southern Hemisphere for severalmonths after the initial ash emissions. The ash deposited in vast areas ofthe Patagonian Steppe was subjected to the strong wind conditions prevalentduring the austral winter and spring experiencing resuspension over variousregions of Argentina.  In this study we analyze the meteorological conditions that led to theepisode of volcanic ash resuspension which impacted the city of BuenosAires and resulted in the closure of the two main airports in Buenos Airesarea (Ezeiza and Aeroparque) on 16 October 2011. A relevant result is thatresuspended material (volcanic ash plus dust) imprints a distinguishablefeature within the atmospheric thermodynamic vertical profiles. Thethermodynamic soundings show the signature of "pulses of drying" in layersassociated with the presence of hygroscopic ash in the atmosphere that hasalready been reported in similar episodes after volcanic eruptions in otherparts of the world. This particular footprint can be used to detect theprobable existence of volcanic ash layers. This study also illustrates theutility of ceilometers to detect not only cloud base at airports but alsovolcanic ash plumes at the boundary layer and up to 7 km altitude.  Aerosol properties measured in the city during the resuspension episodeindicate the presence of enhanced concentrations of aerosol particles in theboundary layer along with spectral signatures in the measurements at theBuenos Aires AERONET site typical of ash plus dust advected towards the city.The mandatory aviation reports from the National Weather Service aboutairborne and deposited volcanic ash at the airport near the measurement site(Aeroparque) correlate in time with the enhanced concentrations. The presenceof the resuspended material was detected by the CALIOP lidar overpassing theregion. Since the dynamics of ash resuspension and recirculation are similarto the dynamics of dust storms, we use the HYSPLIT model with the dust stormmodule to simulate the episode that affected Buenos Aires. The results of themodeling agree qualitatively with satellite lidar measurements

natural hazards and earth system sciences

Aerosol properties and meteorological conditions in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina, during the resuspension of volcanic ash from the Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption