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Thin coastal dykes typically found in developingcountries may suddenly collapse due to rapid land subsidence, materialageing, sea-level rise, high wave attack, earthquakes, landslides, or acollision with vessels. Such a failure could trigger dam-breaktsunami-type flooding, or “dyke-break-induced tsunami”, a possibility which has so far been overlookedin the field of coastal disaster science and management. To analyse thepotential consequences of one such flooding event caused by a dyke failure,a hydrodynamic model was constructed based on the authors' field surveys ofa vulnerable coastal location in Jakarta, Indonesia. In a 2 m landsubsidence scenario – which is expected to take place in the study areaafter only about 10–20 years – the model results show that the floodwatersrapidly rise to a height of nearly 3 m, resembling the flooding pattern ofearthquake-induced tsunamis. The depth–velocity product criterion suggests that many of the narrowpedestrian paths behind the dyke could experience strong flows, which arefar greater than the safe limits that would allow pedestrian evacuation. Acouple of alternative scenarios were also considered to investigate how suchflood impacts could be mitigated by creating a mangrove belt in front of thedyke as an additional safety measure. The dyke-break-induced tsunamis, which in many areas are far morelikely than regular earthquake tsunamis, cannot be overlooked and thusshould be considered in disaster management and urban planning along thecoasts of many developing countries

Mangrove forest against dyke-break-induced tsunami on rapidly subsiding coasts