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Drought is firstly a resource issue, and with its development it evolvesinto a disaster issue. Drought events usually occur in a determinate but arandom manner. Drought has become one of the major factors to affectsustainable socioeconomic development. In this paper, we propose thegeneralized drought assessment index (GDAI) based on water resources systemsfor assessing drought events. The GDAI considers water supply and waterdemand using a distributed hydrological model. We demonstrate the use of theproposed index in the Dongliao River basin in northeastern China. Theresults simulated by the GDAI are compared to observed drought disasterrecords in the Dongliao River basin. In addition, the temporal distribution ofdrought events and the spatial distribution of drought frequency from theGDAI are compared with the traditional approaches in general (i.e., standardprecipitation index, Palmer drought severity index and rate of water deficitindex). Then, generalized drought times, generalized drought duration, andgeneralized drought severity were calculated by theory of runs. Applicationof said runs at various drought levels (i.e., mild drought, moderate drought,severe drought, and extreme drought) during the period 1960–2010 shows thatthe centers of gravity of them all distribute in the middle reaches ofDongliao River basin, and change with time. The proposed methodology mayhelp water managers in water-stressed regions to quantify the impact ofdrought, and consequently, to make decisions for coping with drought

Drought assessment in the Dongliao River basin: traditional approaches vs. generalized drought assessment index based on water resources systems