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Coastal tide gauges play a very important role in a tsunami warning system,since sea-level data are needed for a correct evaluation of the tsunamithreat, and the tsunami arrival has to be recognized as early as possible.Real-time tsunami detection algorithms serve this purpose. For an efficientdetection, they have to be calibrated and adapted to the specific localcharacteristics of the site where they are installed, which is easily donewhen the station has recorded a sufficiently large number of tsunamis. Inthis case the recorded database can be used to select the best set ofparameters enhancing the discrimination power of the algorithm and minimizingthe detection time. This chance is however rare, since most of the coastaltide-gauge stations, either historical or of new installation, have recordedonly a few tsunamis in their lifetimes, if any. In this case calibration mustbe carried out by using synthetic tsunami signals, which poses the problem ofhow to generate them and how to use them. This paper investigates this issueand proposes a calibration approach by using as an example a specific case,which is the calibration of a real-time detection algorithm called TEDA(Tsunami Early Detection Algorithm) for two stations (namely Tremestieri andCatania) in eastern Sicily, Italy, which were recently installed in the frameof the Italian project TSUNET, aiming at improving the tsunami monitoringcapacity in a region that is one of the most hazardous tsunami areas of Italyand of the Mediterranean

natural hazards and earth system sciences

Calibration of a real-time tsunami detection algorithm for sites with no instrumental tsunami records: application to coastal tide-gauge stations in eastern Sicily, Italy