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. The Mid-Brunhes Transition (MBT) saw an increase in theamplitude of glacial cycles expressed in ice core and deep ocean recordsfrom about 400 ka, but its influence on high-latitude climates is not fullyunderstood. The Arctic Ocean is thought to have warmed and exhibited reducedsea ice, but little is known of sea ice marginal locations such as theBering Sea. The Bering Sea is the link between the Arctic and PacificOcean and is an area of high productivity and  CO2  ventilation; ithosts a pronounced oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) and is thought to be thelocation of Glacial North Pacific Intermediate Water (GNPIW) formation inthe Pleistocene. To understand palaeoceanographic change in the region, weanalysed benthic foraminiferal faunas from Bowers Ridge (Site U1342, 800 mof water depth) over the past 600 kyr, as they are uniquely well preserved andsensitive to changes in deep and surface ocean conditions. We identified andimaged 71 taxa and provide a full taxonomy. Foraminiferal preservation ismarkedly higher during glacials, indicating the presence of less corrosiveGNPIW. The most abundant species are Bulimina exilis, Takayanagia delicata, Alabaminella weddellensis, Gyroidina sp. 2, Cassidulina laevigata, Islandiella norcrossi, and Uvigerina bifurcata, consistent withbroadly high net primary production throughout the last 600 kyr.Correspondence analysis shows that the most significant Assemblage 1 comprisesB. exilis, T. delicata, Bolivina spissa, and Brizalina, which occur sporadically within intervals of laminated,biogenic-rich sediment, mostly during glacials and also some deglacials, andare interpreted as indicating very high productivity. Other assemblagescontain the phytodetritivore species A. weddellensis, I. norcrossi, and C. laevigata, indicative of seasonalphytoplankton blooms. Before the MBT, more numerous intervals of the veryhigh-productivity Assemblage 1 and A. weddellensis occur, which we suggest reflect a time ofmore sea-ice-related seasonal stratification and ice edge blooms. Ourinference of a decrease in sea ice meltwater stratification influence in thecentral Bering Sea after the MBT is consistent with records showing that theArctic and Pacific Ocean warmed during glacials and suggests that high-latitudeproductivity and sea ice changes were an important feature of this climateevent.

journal of micropalaeontology

Benthic foraminifera indicate Glacial North Pacific Intermediate Water and reduced primary productivity over Bowers Ridge, Bering Sea, since the Mid-Brunhes Transition