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This study is the first to use an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for mapping moss beds in Antarctica. Mosses can be used as\udindicators for the regional effects of climate change. Mapping and monitoring their extent and health is therefore important. UAV\udaerial photography provides ultra-high resolution spatial data for this purpose. We developed a technique to extract an extremely dense\ud3D point cloud from overlapping UAV aerial photography based on structure from motion (SfM) algorithms. The combination of SfM\udand patch-based multi-view stereo image vision algorithms resulted in a 2 cm resolution digital terrain model (DTM). This detailed\udtopographic information combined with vegetation indices derived from a 6-band multispectral sensor enabled the assessment of moss\udbed health. This novel UAV system has allowed us to map different environmental characteristics of the moss beds at ultra-high\udresolution providing us with a better understanding of these fragile Antarctic ecosystems. The paper provides details on the different\udUAV instruments and the image processing framework resulting in DEMs, vegetation indices, and terrain derivatives

the international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences/international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences

USING A MICRO-UAV FOR ULTRA-HIGH RESOLUTION MULTI-SENSOR OBSERVATIONS OF ANTARCTIC MOSS BEDS