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The structural complexity of coral reefs profoundly affects the biodiversity, productivity, and overall functionality of reefecosystems. Conventional survey techniques utilize 2-dimensional metrics that are inadequate for accurately capturing andquantifying the intricate structural complexity of scleractinian corals. A 3-dimensional (3D) approach improves the capacity toaccurately measure architectural complexity, topography, rugosity, volume, and other structural characteristics that play a significantrole in habitat facilitation and ecosystem processes. This study utilized Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques tocreate 3D mesh models for several Hawaiian corals that represent distinct morphological phenotypes. The orthophotos and digitalelevation models generated from the SfM process were imported into geospatial analysis software in order to quantify severalmetrics pertaining to 3D complexity that are known to affect ecosystem biodiversity and productivity. The 3D structural properties ofthe reconstructed coral colonies were statistically analyzed to determine if the each species represents a unique morpho-functionalgroup. The SfM reconstruction techniques described in this paper can be utilized for an array of research purposes to improve ourunderstanding of how changes in coral composition affect habitat structure and ecological processes in coral reef ecosystems

the international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences/international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences

UTILIZING UNDERWATER THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING TO ENHANCE ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF CORAL REEFS