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Typically, differential carrier-phase-based methods have been used in positioning applications that require high accuracy. The mainadvantage of differential methods is solving the carrier-phase ambiguities and obtain millimetre-level accuracy carrier-phasemeasurements. Recent studies showed that it is possible to fix the un-differenced carrier-phase ambiguities into integers which iswell-known as un-differenced carrier-phase ambiguity resolution. Unfortunately, the IGS neglects satellite hardware delay duringsatellite clock corrections estimation process. In case of differential methods, however, this will not affect the user as all commonerrors between the reference and rover receivers will be cancelled out by. Point positioning, on the other hand, will be affected byneglecting satellite hardware delays as those hardware delays will be lumped into the carrier-phase ambiguities destroying its integernature. To solve this problem, satellite clock corrections must be estimated based on clock correction for each observable bases. Theuser, on the other hand, can form the ionosphere-free linear combination and divide and fix its two components, namely widelaneand narrowlane. If both ambiguities are successfully fixed, few millimetres level of accuracy measurements are then obtained. In thispaper, one month (December, 2013) of GPS data is used to study the receiver widelane bias, its behaviour over time, and receiverdependency are provided. It is shown that the receiver widelane bias is receiver dependent, stable over time for high-grade geodeticreceivers. These results are expected to have a great impact on precise point positioning (PPP) conversion time and PPP carrierphaseambiguity resolution

the international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences/international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences

Receiver Widelane Analysis and Its Effect on Precise Point Positioning