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Underground pipelines pose numerous challenges to 3D visualization. Pipes and cables are conceptually simple and narrow objectswith clearly defined shapes, spanned over large geographical areas and made of multiple segments. Pipes are usually maintained aslinear objects in the databases. However, the visualization of lines in 3D is difficult to perceive as such lines lack the volumetricappearance, which introduces depth perception and allows understanding the disposition and relationships between the objects onthe screen. Therefore the lines should be replaced by volumetric shapes, such as parametric shapes (cylinders) or triangular meshes.The reconstruction of the 3D shape of the pipes has to be done on the fly and therefore it is important to select a 3D representationwhich will not degrade the performance. If a reconstruction method provides a good performance, the visualization of pipes andcables is guaranteed to provide a smooth experience to the final user, enabling richer scenes but also establishing the visualizationrequirements in terms of hardware and software to display underground utilities.  This paper presents our investigations on a strategy for creating a 3D pipes for 3D visualisation. It is assumed that the pipelines arestored in a database and portions of them are retrieved for 3D reconstruction and 3D visualization. Generally, the reconstruction ofunderground utilities can be performed in different ways and should lead to realistic appearance, produce visual continuity betweensegments, include objects depicting specific connections and even consider buffer volumes displaying the uncertainty and thesecurity distance between objects. The creation of such visually pleasing reconstructions may require very detailed shapes, whichwill increase the complexity of the scene and degrade the performance. This research has identified four criteria to measure thecomplexity of the scene and conclude on a 3D reconstruction strategy: number of scene graph nodes, number of triangles andvertices on the screen, needed transformations and appearance options. On the basis of these criteria a testing framework isdeveloped. Ten different strategies for 3D reconstruction are defined and tested for X3D, X3DOM and WebGL. The paper analysesthe results of the tests and concludes on the best strategy

3D VISUALISATION OF UNDERGROUND PIPELINES: BEST STRATEGY FOR 3D SCENE CREATION