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Based on the Representative Elementary Water- shed (REW) approach, the modelling tool REWASH (Rep- resentative Elementary WAterShed Hydrology) has been de- veloped and applied to the Geer river basin. REWASH is de- terministic, semi-distributed, physically based and can be di- rectly applied to the watershed scale. In applying REWASH, the river basin is divided into a number of sub-watersheds, so called REWs, according to the Strahler order of the river net- work. REWASH describes the dominant hydrological pro- cesses, i.e. subsurface flow in the unsaturated and saturated domains, and overland flow by the saturation-excess and infiltration-excess mechanisms. The coupling of surface and subsurface flow processes in the numerical model is realised by simultaneous computation of flux exchanges between sur- face and subsurface domains for each REW. REWASH is a parsimonious tool for modelling watershed hydrological re- sponse. However, it can be modified to include more com- ponents to simulate specific processes when applied to a spe- cific river basin where such processes are observed or con- sidered to be dominant. In this study, we have added a new component to simulate interception using a simple paramet- ric approach. Interception plays an important role in the wa- ter balance of a watershed although it is often disregarded. In addition, a refinement for the transpiration in the unsat- urated zone has been made. Finally, an improved approach for simulating saturation overland flow by relating the vari- able source area to both the topography and the groundwater level is presented. The model has been calibrated and veri- fied using a 4-year data set, which has been split into two for calibration and validation. The model performance has been assessed by multi-criteria evaluation. This work represents a complete application of the REW approach to watershed rainfall-runoff modelling in a real watershed. The results demonstrate that the REW approach provides an alternative blueprint for physically based hydrological modelling.

Rainfall-runoff modelling in a catchment with a complex groundwater flow system: application of the Representative Elementary Watershed (REW) approach