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. Optimum management of irrigated crops in regions with shallow salinegroundwater requires a careful balance between application of irrigationwater and upward movement of salinity from the groundwater. Fewfield-validated surrogate models are available to aid in the management ofirrigation water under shallow groundwater conditions. The objective ofthis research is to develop a model that can aid in the management using aminimum of input data that are field validated. In this paper a 2-yearfield experiment was carried out in the Hetao irrigation district in InnerMongolia, China, and a physically based integrated surrogate model for aridirrigated areas with shallow groundwater was developed and validated withthe collected field data. The integrated model that links crop growth withavailable water and salinity in the vadose zone is called Evaluation of thePerformance of Irrigated Crops and Soils (EPICS). EPICS recognizes thatfield capacity is reached when the matric potential is equal to the heightabove the groundwater table and thus not by a limiting hydraulicconductivity. In the field experiment, soil moisture contents and soil saltconductivity at five depths in the top 100 cm, groundwater depth, cropheight, and leaf area index were measured in 2017 and 2018. The fieldresults were used for calibration and validation of EPICS. Simulated andobserved data fitted generally well during both calibration and validation.The EPICS model that can predict crop growth, soil water, groundwaterdepth, and soil salinity can aid in optimizing water management inirrigation districts with shallow aquifers.

A field-validated surrogate crop model for predicting root-zone moisture and salt content in regions with shallow groundwater