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. The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) recently released its most advanced reanalysis product, the ERA5dataset. It was designed and generated with methods giving it multipleadvantages over the previous release, the ERA-Interim reanalysis product.Notably, it has a finer spatial resolution, is archived at the hourly timestep, uses a more advanced assimilation system and includes more sources ofdata. This paper aims to evaluate the ERA5 reanalysis as a potentialreference dataset for hydrological modelling by considering the ERA5precipitation and temperatures as proxies for observations in thehydrological modelling process, using two lumped hydrological models over3138 North American catchments. This study shows that ERA5-basedhydrological modelling performance is equivalent to using observations overmost of North America, with the exception of the eastern half of the US,where observations lead to consistently better performance. ERA5 temperatureand precipitation biases are consistently reduced compared to ERA-Interimand systematically more accurate for hydrological modelling. Differencesbetween ERA5, ERA-Interim and observation datasets are mostly linked toprecipitation, as temperature only marginally influences the hydrologicalsimulation outcomes.

Evaluation of the ERA5 reanalysis as a potential reference dataset for hydrological modelling over North America