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. Flowing stream networks dynamically extend and retract, bothseasonally and in response to precipitation events. These network dynamicscan dramatically alter the drainage density and thus the length ofsubsurface flow pathways to flowing streams. We mapped flowing streamnetworks in a small Swiss headwater catchment during different wetnessconditions and estimated their effects on the distribution of travel timesto the catchment outlet. For each point in the catchment, we determined thesubsurface transport distance to the flowing stream based on the surfacetopography and determined the surface transport distance along the flowingstream to the outlet. We combined the distributions of these traveldistances with assumed surface and subsurface flow velocities to estimatethe distribution of travel times to the outlet. These calculations show thatthe extension and retraction of the stream network can substantially changethe mean travel time and the shape of the travel time distribution. Duringwet conditions with a fully extended flowing stream network, the travel timedistribution was strongly skewed to short travel times, but as the networkretracted during dry conditions, the distribution of the travel times becamemore uniform. Stream network dynamics are widely ignored in catchmentmodels, but our results show that they need to be taken into account whenmodeling solute transport and interpreting travel time distributions.

Expansion and contraction of the flowing stream network alter hillslope flowpath lengths and the shape of the travel time distribution