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. Automatic samplers represent a convenient way to gatherrain samples for isotope ( δ18O and δ2H ) and waterquality analyses. Yet, most commercial collectors are expensive and do notreduce post-sampling evaporation and the associated isotope fractionationsufficiently. Thus, we have developed a microcontroller-based automatic rainsampler for timer-actuated collection of integral rain samples. Samplingperiods are freely selectable (minutes to weeks), and the device is low-cost,simple, robust, and customizable. Moreover, a combination of design featuresreliably minimizes evaporation from the collection bottles. Evaporativelosses were assessed by placing the pre-filled sampler in a laboratory ovenwith which a diurnal temperature regime (21–31  ∘ C) was simulatedfor 26 weeks. At the end of the test, all bottles had lost less than 1 %of the original water amount, and all isotope shifts were within theanalytical precision. These results show that even multi-week field deployments of the devicewould result in rather small evaporative mass losses and isotope shifts.Hence, we deem our sampler a useful addition to devices that are currentlycommercially available and/or described in the scientific literature. Toenable reproduction, all relevant details on hard- and software are openlyaccessible.

Technical note: A microcontroller-based automatic rain sampler for stable isotope studies