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The identification of landscapes with similar hydrological behaviour isuseful for runoff and flood predictions in small ungauged catchments. Anestablished method for landscape classification is based on the concept ofdominant runoff process (DRP). The various DRP-mapping approaches differ withrespect to the time and data required for mapping. Manual approaches based onexpert knowledge are reliable but time-consuming, whereas automatic GIS-basedapproaches are easier to implement but rely on simplifications which restricttheir application range. To what extent these simplifications are applicablein other catchments is unclear. More information is also needed on how thedifferent complexities of automatic DRP-mapping approaches affecthydrological simulations.  In this paper, three automatic approaches were used to map two catchments onthe Swiss Plateau. The resulting maps were compared to reference mapsobtained with manual mapping. Measures of agreement and association, a classcomparison, and a deviation map were derived. The automatically derived DRPmaps were used in synthetic runoff simulations with an adapted version of thePREVAH hydrological model, and simulation results compared with those fromsimulations using the reference maps.  The DRP maps derived with the automatic approach with highest complexity anddata requirement were the most similar to the reference maps, while thosederived with simplified approaches without original soil information differedsignificantly in terms of both extent and distribution of the DRPs. Therunoff simulations derived from the simpler DRP maps were more uncertain dueto inaccuracies in the input data and their coarse resolution, but problemswere also linked with the use of topography as a proxy for the storagecapacity of soils.  The perception of the intensity of the DRP classes also seems to vary amongthe different authors, and a standardised definition of DRPs is stilllacking. Furthermore, we argue not to use expert knowledge for only modelbuilding and constraining, but also in the phase of landscapeclassification

Mapping dominant runoff processes: an evaluation of different approaches using similarity measures and synthetic runoff simulations