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We used a Lagrangian model (FLEXPART) together\udwith the 1979–2012 ERA-Interim reanalysis data to\udinvestigate the role of the moisture in the Amazon Basin in\udthe regional hydrological budget over the course of the year.\udFLEXPART computes budgets of evaporation minus precipitation\udby calculating changes in the specific humidity along\udforward and backward trajectories. The tropical Atlantic is\udthe most important remote moisture source for the Amazon\udBasin. The tropical North Atlantic (NA) mainly contributed\udduring the austral summer, while the contribution of the tropical\udSouth Atlantic (SA) prevailed for the remainder of the\udyear. At the same time, the moisture contribution from the\udAmazon Basin itself is mainly for moisture supplying the\udsoutheastern South America. The 33-year temporal domain\udallowed the investigation of some aspects of the interannual\udvariability of the moisture transport over the basin, such as\udthe role of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the\udAtlantic Meridional Mode (AMM) on the hydrological budget.\udDuring the peak of the Amazonian rainy season (from\udFebruary to May, FMAM) the AMM is associated more with\udthe interannual variations in the contribution from the tropical\udAtlantic sources, while the transport from the basin towards\udthe subtropics responds more to the ENSO variability.\udThe moisture contribution prevailed from the SA (NA)\udregion in the years dominated by El Niño/positive AMM\ud(La Niña/negative AMM) conditions. The transport from the\udAmazon towards the subtropics increased (reduced) during\udEl Niño (La Niña) years.Spanish GovernmentFEDER - project TRAMORede Clima - INCTCNPq - 573797/2008-0FAPESP - 2008/57719-9, 2008/58101-9, 2008/58161-1Go Amazon 2013/50538-

The role of the Amazon Basin moisture in the atmospheric branch of the hydrological cycle: a Lagrangian analysis