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Lake eutrophication is a serious global environmental issue. Phytoremediationis a promising, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly technology forwater quality restoration. However, besides nutrient removal, macrophytesalso deeply affect the hydrologic cycle of a lake system throughevapotranspiration. Changes in hydrologic cycle caused by macrophytes have agreat influence on lake water quality restoration. As a result of the twoopposite effects of macrophytes on water quality restoration (i.e. anincrease in macrophytes can increase nutrient removal and improve waterquality while also increasing evapotranspiration, reducing water volume andconsequently decreasing water quality), rational macrophyte control throughplanting and harvest is very important. In this study, a new approach isproposed to optimise the initial planting area and monthly harvest scheme ofmacrophytes for water quality restoration. The month-by-month effects ofmacrophyte management on lake water quality are considered. Baiyangdian Lakeserves as a case study, using the common reed. It was found that waterquality was closest to Grade III on the Chinese water quality scale when thereed planting area was 123 km<sup>2</sup> (40% of the lake surface area)and most reeds would be harvested at the end of June. The optimisationapproach proposed in this study will be a useful reference for lakerestoration

An optimisation approach for shallow lake restoration through macrophyte management