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Evapotranspiration (ET) plays a key role in hydrological impact studies andoperational flood forecasting models as ET represents a loss of water from acatchment.  Although ET is a major component of the catchment water balance, theevapotranspiration input for rainfall–runoff models is often simplified incontrast to the detailed estimates of catchment averaged precipitation.  In this study, an existing conceptual rainfall–runoff model calibrated forand operational in the Bellebeek catchment in Belgium firstly has beenvalidated and its sensitivity to different available potential ET input hasbeen studied. It has been shown that when applying a calibratedrainfall–runoff model, the model input should be consistent with the inputused for the calibration process, not only on the volume of ET, but also onthe seasonal pattern. Secondly, estimates of the actual evapotranspirationbased on measurements of a large aperture scintillometer (LAS) have been usedas model forcing in the rainfall–runoff model. From this analysis, it hasbeen shown that the actual evapotranspiration is a crucial factor insimulating the catchment water balance and the resulting stream flow.  Regarding the actual evapotranspiration estimates from the LAS, it has beenconcluded that they can be considered realistic in summer months. In themonths where stable conditions prevail (autumn, winter and (early) spring),an underestimation of the actual evapotranspiration is made, which has animportant impact on the catchment's water balance

Impact of potential and (scintillometer-based) actual evapotranspiration estimates on the performance of a lumped rainfall–runoff model