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Due to its high activities in groundwater, the ra- dionuclide 222 Rn is a sensitive natural tracer to detect and quantify groundwater inflow into lakes, provided the com- paratively low activities in the lakes can be measured accu- rately. Here we present a simple method for radon measure- ments in the low-level range down to 3 Bq m 3 , appropriate for groundwater-influenced lakes, together with a concept to derive inflow rates from the radon budget in lakes. The an- alytical method is based on a commercially available radon detector and combines the advantages of established proce- dures with regard to efficient sampling and sensitive analysis. Large volume (12 l) water samples are taken in the field and analyzed in the laboratory by equilibration with a closed air loop and alpha spectrometry of radon in the gas phase. After successful laboratory tests, the method has been applied to a small dredging lake without surface in- or outflow in order to estimate the groundwater contribution to the hydrological budget. The inflow rate calculated from a 222 Rn balance for the lake is around 530 m 3 per day, which is comparable to the results of previous studies. In addition to the inflow rate, the vertical and horizontal radon distribution in the lake provides information on the spatial distribution of groundwater inflow to the lake. The simple measurement and sampling technique encourages further use of radon to examine groundwater-lake water interaction. lutants or nutrients) or in the surroundings (fertilization, cre- ation of new lakes and wells for water supply) more informa- tion about the groundwater-lake water interaction is needed. This information is also of interest for the use of groundwater wells for drinking water purposes. The determination of the groundwater-lake water interaction is also important for the estimation of the nutrient budget and the prediction of the bio-geochemical evolution of the lake water, especially the eutrophication. The connection to the groundwater system is the most important component in the water budget of these lakes.

Tracing and quantifying groundwater inflow into lakes using a simple method for radon-222 analysis