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The representation of moist convection in climate models represents a majorchallenge, due to the small scales involved. Using horizontal grid spacingsof <i>O</i>(1km), convection-resolving weather and climate models allowsone to explicitly resolve deep convection. However, due to their extremelydemanding computational requirements, they have so far been limited to shortsimulations and/or small computational domains. Innovations in supercomputinghave led to new hybrid node designs, mixing conventional multi-core hardwareand accelerators such as graphics processing units (GPUs). One of the firstatmospheric models that has been fully ported to these architectures is theCOSMO (Consortium for Small-scale Modeling) model.  Here we present the convection-resolving COSMO model on continental scalesusing a version of the model capable of using GPU accelerators. Theverification of a week-long simulation containing winter storm Kyrill showsthat, for this case, convection-parameterizing simulations andconvection-resolving simulations agree well. Furthermore, we demonstrate theapplicability of the approach to longer simulations by conducting a3-month-long simulation of the summer season 2006. Its resultscorroborate the findings found on smaller domains such as more crediblerepresentation of the diurnal cycle of precipitation in convection-resolvingmodels and a tendency to produce more intensive hourly precipitation events.Both simulations also show how the approach allows for the representation ofinteractions between synoptic-scale and meso-scale atmospheric circulationsat scales ranging from 1000 to 10 km. This includes the formation of sharpcold frontal structures, convection embedded in fronts and small eddies, orthe formation and organization of propagating cold pools. Finally, we assessthe performance gain from using heterogeneous hardware equipped with GPUsrelative to multi-core hardware. With the COSMO model, we now use a weatherand climate model that has all the necessary modules required for real-caseconvection-resolving regional climate simulations on GPUs

Towards European-scale convection-resolving climate simulations with GPUs: a study with COSMO 4.19