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. A new dynamical core, known as the Finite-Volume Cubed-Sphere (FV3) anddeveloped at both NASA and NOAA, is used in NOAA's Global Forecast System(GFS) and in limited-area models for regional weather and air qualityapplications. NOAA has also upgraded the operational FV3GFS to version 16(GFSv16), which includes a number of significant developmental advances to themodel configuration, data assimilation, and underlying model physics,particularly for atmospheric composition to weather feedback. Concurrentwith the GFSv16 upgrade, we couple the GFSv16 with the Community MultiscaleAir Quality (CMAQ) model to form an advanced version of the National AirQuality Forecasting Capability (NAQFC) that will continue to protect human andecosystem health in the US. Here we describe the development of theFV3GFSv16 coupling with a “state-of-the-science” CMAQ model version 5.3.1.The GFS–CMAQ coupling is made possible by the seminal version of theNOAA-EPA Atmosphere–Chemistry Coupler (NACC), which became a major piece of the nextoperational NAQFC system (i.e., NACC-CMAQ) on 20 July 2021. NACC-CMAQ has anumber of scientific advancements that include satellite-based dataacquisition technology to improve land cover and soil characteristics andinline wildfire smoke and dust predictions that are vital to predictions offine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations during hazardousevents affecting society, ecosystems, and human health. The GFS-drivenNACC-CMAQ model has significantly different meteorological and chemicalpredictions compared to the previous operational NAQFC, where evaluation ofNACC-CMAQ shows generally improved near-surface ozone and PM2.5 predictions and diurnal patterns, both of which are extended to a 72 h(3 d) forecast with this system.

Development and evaluation of an advanced National Air Quality Forecasting Capability using the NOAA Global Forecast System version 16