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. The model error in climate models depends on mesh resolution, amongother factors. While global refinement of the computational mesh isoften not feasible computationally, adaptive mesh refinement (AMR)can be an option for spatially localized features. Creating aclimate model with AMR has been prohibitive so far. We use AMR inone single-model component, namely the tracer transport scheme. Particularly, we integrate AMR into the tracer transport module ofthe atmospheric model ECHAM6 and test our implementation in severalidealized scenarios and in a realistic application scenario (dusttransport). To achieve this goal, we modify the flux-formsemi-Lagrangian (FFSL) transport scheme in ECHAM6 such that we canuse it on adaptive meshes while retaining all important properties (such as mass conservation) of the original FFSL implementation. Ourproposed AMR scheme is dimensionally split and ensures thathigh-resolution information is always propagated on (locally) highlyresolved meshes. We utilize a data structure that canaccommodate an adaptive Gaussian grid. We demonstrate that our AMR scheme improves both accuracy andefficiency compared to the original FFSL scheme. More importantly,our approach improves the representation of transport processes inECHAM6 for coarse-resolution simulations. Hence, thispaper suggests that we can overcome the overhead of developing afully adaptive Earth system model by integrating AMR into singlecomponents while leaving data structures of the dynamical coreuntouched. This enables studies to retain well-tested and complexlegacy code of existing models while still improving theaccuracy of specific components without sacrificing efficiency.

geoscientific model development

Extending legacy climate models by adaptive mesh refinement for single-component tracer transport: a case study with ECHAM6-HAMMOZ (ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3-MOZ1.0)