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Abstract. Stratospheric ozone affects climate directly as thepredominant heat source in the stratosphere and indirectly through chemicalreactions controlling other greenhouse gases. The U.S. Department ofEnergy's Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1) implemented anew ozone chemistry module that improves the simulation of the sharptropopause gradients, replacing a version based partly on long-term averageclimatologies that poorly represented heating rates in the lowermoststratosphere. The new O3v2 module extends seamlessly into the troposphereand preserves the naturally sharp cross-tropopause gradient, with 20 %–40 %less ozone in this region. Additionally, O3v2 enables the diagnosis ofstratosphere–troposphere exchange flux of ozone, a key budget term lackingin E3SMv1. Here, we evaluate key features in ozone abundance and otherclosely related quantities in atmosphere-only E3SMv1 simulations driven byobserved sea surface temperatures (SSTs, years 1990–2014), comparing them withsatellite observations of ozone and also with the University of California,Irvine chemistry transport model (UCI CTM) using the same stratosphericchemistry scheme but driven by European Centre forecast fields for the sameperiod. In terms of stratospheric column ozone, O3v2 shows reduced mean biasand improved northern midlatitude variability, but it is not quite as good as theUCI CTM. As expected, SST-forced E3SMv1 simulations cannot synchronize withobserved quasi-biennial oscillations (QBOs), but they do show the typicalQBO pattern seen in column ozone. This new O3v2 E3SMv1 model mostly retainsthe same climate state and climate sensitivity as the previous version, andwe recommend its use for other climate models that still use ozoneclimatologies.

Evaluation of the interactive stratospheric ozone (O3v2) module in the E3SM version 1 Earth system model