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. Multiple observation data sets – Interagency Monitoring of Protected VisualEnvironments (IMPROVE) network data, the Automated Smoke Detection and TrackingAlgorithm (ASDTA), Hazard Mapping System (HMS) smoke plume shapefiles andaircraft acetonitrile (CH3CN) measurements from the NOAA SoutheastNexus (SENEX) field campaign – are used to evaluate the HMS–BlueSky–SMOKE (Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emission)–CMAQ (Community Multi-scale Air Quality Model)fire emissions and smoke plume prediction system. A similar configuration isused in the US National Air Quality Forecasting Capability (NAQFC). Thesystem was found to capture most of the observed fire signals. Usage ofHMS-detected fire hotspots and smoke plume information was valuable forderiving both fire emissions and forecast evaluation. This study alsoidentified that the operational NAQFC did not include fire contributionsthrough lateral boundary conditions, resulting in significant simulationuncertainties. In this study we focused both on system evaluation andevaluation methods. We discussed how to use observational data correctly toretrieve fire signals and synergistically use multiple data sets. We alsoaddressed the limitations of each of the observation data sets andevaluation methods.

geoscientific model development

Evaluating a fire smoke simulation algorithm in the National Air Quality Forecast Capability (NAQFC) by using multiple observation data sets during the Southeast Nexus (SENEX) field campaign