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. The adverse impacts of urban heat and global climate change are leadingpolicymakers to consider green and blue infrastructure (GBI) for heatmitigation benefits. Though many models exist to evaluate the cooling impactsof GBI, their complexity and computational demand leaves most of them largelyinaccessible to those without specialist expertise and computing facilities.Here a new model called The Air-temperature Response toGreen/blue-infrastructure Evaluation Tool (TARGET) is presented. TARGETis designed to be efficient and easy to use, with fewer user-definedparameters and less model input data required than other urban climatemodels. TARGET can be used to model average street-level air temperature atcanyon-to-block scales (e.g. 100 m resolution), meaning it can be used toassess temperature impacts of suburb-to-city-scale GBI proposals. The modelaims to balance realistic representation of physical processes andcomputation efficiency. An evaluation against two different datasets showsthat TARGET can reproduce the magnitude and patterns of both air temperatureand surface temperature within suburban environments. To demonstrate theutility of the model for planners and policymakers, the results from twoprecinct-scale heat mitigation scenarios are presented. TARGET is availableto the public, and ongoing development, including a graphical user interface,is planned for future work.

The Air-temperature Response to Green/blue-infrastructure Evaluation Tool (TARGET v1.0): an efficient and user-friendly model of city cooling