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Abstract. The non-hydrostatic atmospheric Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS-A),a global variable-resolution modeling framework, is applied at a range ofresolutions from hydrostatic (60, 30, 16 km) to non-hydrostatic (4 km)scales using regional refinement over East Asia to simulate an extremeprecipitation event. The event is triggered by a typical wind shear in thelower layer of the Meiyu front in East China on 25–27 June 2012 during theEast Asian summer monsoon season. The simulations are evaluated using groundobservations and reanalysis data. The simulated distribution and intensityof precipitation are analyzed to investigate the sensitivity to modelconfiguration, resolution, and physics parameterizations. In general,simulations using global uniform-resolution and variable-resolution meshesshare similar characteristics of precipitation and wind in the refinedregion with comparable horizontal resolution. Further experiments atmultiple resolutions reveal the significant impacts of horizontal resolutionon simulating the distribution and intensity of precipitation and updrafts.More specifically, simulations at coarser resolutions shift the zonaldistribution of the rain belt and produce weaker heavy precipitation centersthat are misplaced relative to the observed locations. In comparison,simulations employing 4 km cell spacing produce more realistic features ofprecipitation and wind. The difference among experiments in modeling rainbelt features is mainly due to the difference in simulated wind shearformation and evolution during this event. Sensitivity experiments show thatcloud microphysics have significant effects on modeling precipitation atnon-hydrostatic scales, but their impacts are relatively small compared tothat of convective parameterizations for simulations at hydrostatic scales.This study provides the first evidence supporting the use ofconvection-permitting global variable-resolution simulations for studyingand improving forecasting of extreme precipitation over East China andmotivates the need for a more systematic study of heavy precipitation eventsand the impacts of physics parameterizations and topography in the future. The key points are as follows. Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS) simulations at global uniform and variable resolutions share similar characteristics of precipitation and wind in the refined region. Numerical experiments reveal significant impacts of resolution onsimulating the distribution and intensity of precipitation and updrafts. This study provides evidence supporting the use of convection-permittingglobal variable-resolution simulation to study extreme precipitation.

Modeling extreme precipitation over East China with a global variable-resolution modeling framework (MPASv5.2): impacts of resolution and physics