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. An increasing number of Southern Ocean models now include Antarctic ice-shelfcavities, and simulate thermodynamics at the ice-shelf/ocean interface. Thisadds another level of complexity to Southern Ocean simulations, as iceshelves interact directly with the ocean and indirectly with sea ice. Here,we present the first model intercomparison and evaluation of present-dayocean/sea-ice/ice-shelf interactions, as simulated by two models: acircumpolar Antarctic configuration of MetROMS (ROMS: Regional OceanModelling System coupled to CICE: Community Ice CodE) and the global modelFESOM (Finite Element Sea-ice Ocean Model), where the latter is run at twodifferent levels of horizontal resolution. From a circumpolar Antarcticperspective, we compare and evaluate simulated ice-shelf basal melting andsub-ice-shelf circulation, as well as sea-ice properties and Southern Oceanwater mass characteristics as they influence the sub-ice-shelf processes.Despite their differing numerical methods, the two models produce broadlysimilar results and share similar biases in many cases. Both models reproducemany key features of observations but struggle to reproduce others, such asthe high melt rates observed in the small warm-cavity ice shelves of theAmundsen and Bellingshausen seas. Severaldifferences in model design show a particular influence on the simulations.For example, FESOM's greater topographic smoothing can alter the geometry ofsome ice-shelf cavities enough to affect their melt rates; this improves athigher resolution, since less smoothing is required. In the interior SouthernOcean, the vertical coordinate system affects the degree of water masserosion due to spurious diapycnal mixing, with MetROMS' terrain-followingcoordinate leading to more erosion than FESOM's z coordinate. Finally,increased horizontal resolution in FESOM leads to higher basal melt rates forsmall ice shelves, through a combination of stronger circulation andsmall-scale intrusions of warm water from offshore.

Intercomparison of Antarctic ice-shelf, ocean, and sea-ice interactions simulated by MetROMS-iceshelf and FESOM 1.4