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. Extensive black shale deposits formed in the EarlyCretaceous South Atlantic, supporting the notion that this emerging oceanbasin was a globally important site of organic carbon burial. The magnitudeof organic carbon burial in marine basins is known to be controlled byvarious tectonic, oceanographic, hydrological, and climatic processes actingon different temporal and spatial scales, the nature and relative importanceof which are poorly understood for the young South Atlantic. Here we presentnew bulk and molecular geochemical data from an Aptian–Albian sedimentrecord recovered from the deep Cape Basin at Deep Sea Drilling Project(DSDP) Site 361, which we combine with general circulation model results toidentify driving mechanisms of organic carbon burial. A multimillion-yeardecrease (i.e., Early Aptian–Albian) in organic carbon burial, reflected ina lithological succession of black shale, gray shale, and red beds, wascaused by increasing bottom water oxygenation due to abating hydrographicrestriction via South Atlantic–Southern Ocean gateways. These resultsemphasize basin evolution and ocean gateway development as a decisiveprimary control on enhanced organic carbon preservation in the Cape Basin atgeological timescales (&gt; 1 Myr). The Early Aptian black shalesequence comprises alternations of shales with high (&gt; 6 %) andrelatively low (∼ 3.5 %) organic carbon content of marinesources, the former being deposited during the global Oceanic Anoxic Event(OAE) 1a, as well as during repetitive intervals before and after OAE 1a. Inall cases, these short-term intervals of enhanced organic carbon burialcoincided with strong influxes of sediments derived from the proximalAfrican continent, indicating closely coupled climate–land–oceaninteractions. Supported by our model results, we show that fluctuations inweathering-derived nutrient input from the southern African continent,linked to changes in orbitally driven humidity and aridity, were the underlyingdrivers of repetitive episodes of enhanced organic carbon burial in the deepCape Basin. These results suggest that deep marine environments of emergingocean basins responded sensitively and directly to short-term fluctuationsin riverine nutrient fluxes. We explain this relationship using the lack ofwide and mature continental shelf seas that could have acted as a barrier orfilter for nutrient transfer from the continent into the deep ocean.

Driving mechanisms of organic carbon burial in the Early Cretaceous South Atlantic Cape Basin (DSDP Site 361)