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Abstract. Our study is the first to demonstrate ahigh-temporal-resolution record of mineral composition in a Greenland icecore over the past 100 years. To reconstruct past variations in the sourcesand transportation processes of mineral dust in northwestern Greenland, weanalysed the morphology and mineralogical composition of dust in the SIGMA-Dice core from 1915 to 2013 using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) andenergy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results revealed that theice core dust consisted mainly of silicate minerals and that the compositionvaried substantially on multi-decadal and inter-decadal scales, suggestingthat the ice core minerals originated from different geological sources indifferent periods during the past 100 years. The multi-decadal variationtrend differed among mineral types. Kaolinite, which generally formed inwarm and humid climatic zones, was abundant in colder periods (1950–2004),whereas mica, chlorite, feldspars, mafic minerals, and quartz, whichformed in arid, high-latitude, and local areas, were abundant in warmerperiods (1915–1949 and 2005–2013). Comparison to Greenland surfacetemperature records indicates that multi-decadal variation in the relativeabundance of these minerals was likely affected by local temperature changesin Greenland. Trajectory analysis shows that the minerals were transportedmainly from the western coast of Greenland in the two warming periods, whichwas likely due to an increase in dust sourced from local ice-free areas as aresult of shorter snow/ice cover duration in the Greenland coastal regionduring the melt season caused by recent warming. Meanwhile, ancient depositsin northern Canada, which were formed in past warmer climates, seem to be thebest candidate during the colder period (1950–2004). Our results suggestthat SEM–EDS analysis can detect variations in ice core dust sources duringrecent periods of low dust concentration.

Variations in mineralogy of dust in an ice core obtained from northwestern Greenland over the past 100 years