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. A new ice core drilled at the South Pole provides a54 000-year paleoenvironmental record including the composition of the pastatmosphere. This paper describes the SP19 chronology for the South Poleatmospheric gas record and complements a previous paper (Winski et al., 2019)describing the SP19 ice chronology. The gas chronology is based on adiscrete methane (CH4) record with 20- to 190-year resolution. Toconstruct the gas timescale, abrupt changes in atmospheric CH4 duringthe glacial period and centennial CH4 variability during the Holocenewere used to synchronize the South Pole gas record with analogous data fromthe West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide ice core. Stratigraphic matching basedon visual optimization was verified using an automated matching algorithm.The South Pole ice core recovers all expected changes in CH4 based onprevious records. Gas transport in the firn results in smoothing of theatmospheric gas record with a smoothing function spectral width that rangesfrom 30 to 78 years, equal to 3 % of the gas-age–ice-age difference, orΔage. The new gas chronology, in combination with the existing iceage scale from Winski et al. (2019), allows a model-independentreconstruction of the gas-age–ice-age difference through the whole record,which will be useful for testing firn densification models.

The SP19 chronology for the South Pole Ice Core – Part 2: gas chronology, Δage, and smoothing of atmospheric records