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. The early Paleogene is marked by multiple negative carbon isotope excursions(CIEs) that reflect massive short-term carbon cycle perturbations thatcoincide with significant warming during a high- pCO2 world, affectingboth marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Records of such hyperthermals fromthe marine–terrestrial interface (e.g., estuarine swamps and mire deposits)are therefore of great interest as their present-day counterparts arehighly vulnerable to future climate and sea level change. Here, we assesspaleoenvironmental changes of midlatitudinal late Paleocene–early Eocenepeat mire records along the paleo-North Sea coast. We provide carbon isotopedata of bulk organic matter ( δ13C TOC ), organic carboncontent (%TOC), and palynological data from an extensive peat miredeposited at a midlatitudinal (ca. 41 ∘  N) coastal site(Schoningen, Germany). The δ13C TOC data show a carbonisotope excursion of −1.3  ‰ (mean decrease in δ13C TOC ; −1.7  ‰ at the onset of CIE) coevalwith a conspicuous Apectodinium acme. Due to the exceptionally large stratigraphicthickness of the CIE at Schoningen (10 m of section) we established adetailed palynological record that indicates only minor changes inpaleovegetation leading into and during this event. Instead, paleovegetationchanges mostly follow natural successions in response to changes along themarine–terrestrial interface. The available age constraints for theSchoningen Formation hamper a solid assignment of the detected CIE to aparticular hyperthermal such as the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum(PETM) or any succeeding hyperthermal event such as the Eocene ThermalMaximum 2 (ETM2). Compared to other nearby peat mire records (Cobham, UK; Vasterival, F) itappears that wetland deposits around the Paleogene North Sea have aconsistent CIE magnitude of ca. −1.3  ‰ in δ13C TOC . Moreover, the Schoningen record shares majorcharacteristics with the Cobham Lignite PETM record, including evidence forincreased fire activity prior to the CIE, minor plant species change duringthe hyperthermal, a reduced CIE in δ13C TOC , and drowningof the mire (marine ingressions) during much of the Schoningen CIEevent. This suggests that either the Schoningen CIE reflects the PETM orthat early Paleogene hyperthermals similarly affected paleoenvironmentalconditions of a major segment of the paleo-North Sea coast.

Paleoenvironmental response of midlatitudinal wetlands to Paleocene–early Eocene climate change (Schöningen lignite deposits, Germany)